Growing Chicory from Seed: A Complete Guide to Cultivation and Uses

Did you know that during the American Civil War, chicory became a popular coffee substitute when coffee supplies ran short? The roasted roots were ground and brewed, creating a rich, caffeine-free drink that’s still enjoyed in New Orleans coffee today.

Chicory (Cichorium intybus) has been valued for centuries not only for its culinary uses but also for its traditional medicinal applications. If you’re interested in growing chicory from seed, this comprehensive guide will show you how to cultivate this remarkable plant in both your garden and containers.

Growing chicory from seed is a rewarding process I’ve been documenting as part of my medicinal garden project. I’ll share my experiences and tips for successfully cultivating this versatile plant, from sowing to harvest.

Whether you’re interested in growing chicory for its bitter greens, its striking blue flowers, or its traditional medicinal properties, this guide will walk you through the complete process. Like many gardeners before me, I’ve found chicory to be a fascinating addition to both my garden and my plant knowledge.

Interested in growing chicory from seed? Order your complete medicinal seed kit here.

Historical and Traditional Uses

Native Americans historically used chicory extensively in their traditional medicine practices, particularly valuing the root. The plant contains several bioactive compounds, including chicoric acid, inulin, and various antioxidants. Historically, it was used to support digestive health and as a general tonic.

Modern research has shown that chicory root contains compounds with anti-inflammatory properties. The root is also rich in inulin, a prebiotic fiber that supports gut health.

However, as with any medicinal plant, it’s important to consult healthcare providers before using chicory medicinally.

Getting Started with Seeds

Timing is crucial when growing chicory. For a summer harvest, start seeds indoors 4-6 weeks before the last frost date in spring. For fall and winter harvests, sow seeds directly outdoors in mid to late summer. Chicory seeds remain viable for about 4-5 years when stored properly in a cool, dry place.

Special Considerations for Medicinal Use

If growing chicory for its medicinal root properties, focus on maximizing root development:

• Allow plants plenty of space (12-15 inches between plants)
• Ensure soil is deeply worked to allow unrestricted root growth
• Avoid high-nitrogen fertilizers which promote leaf growth at the expense of roots
• Harvest roots in fall or early winter when compounds are most concentrated

Root Harvesting and Processing

For medicinal use, harvest roots in their first or second year:

1. Dig carefully to preserve the entire taproot
2. Clean roots thoroughly but gently
3. Can be used fresh or dried for later use
4. If drying, slice roots thinly and dry in a well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight
5. Store dried roots in airtight containers in a cool, dark place

Soil Preparation and Requirements

Chicory thrives in well-draining soil with a pH between 6.0 and 6.8. Before planting, work in organic matter such as compost to improve soil structure and fertility. The plant has deep roots, so good soil preparation is essential for optimal growth.

Growing Chicory in the Garden

Direct Sowing: Create shallow furrows about 1/4 inch deep and space rows 18-24 inches apart. Sow seeds thinly and cover lightly with soil. When seedlings reach 2-3 inches tall, thin them to stand 6-8 inches apart. Keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged during the germination period, which typically takes 7-14 days.

Maintenance: Once established, chicory is relatively drought-tolerant thanks to its deep root system. However, regular watering produces better quality leaves and prevents bitter flavors from intensifying. Apply a layer of mulch around plants to retain moisture and suppress weeds.

Container Growing

Pot Selection: Choose a deep container at least 12 inches deep and 12 inches wide to accommodate chicory’s extensive root system. Ensure the pot has adequate drainage holes.

Potting Mix: Use a high-quality potting mix enriched with compost. Avoid garden soil in containers as it can become compacted and lead to poor drainage.

Container Care: Container-grown chicory requires more frequent watering than garden plants. Check soil moisture daily, especially during hot weather. Place containers where plants will receive 6 hours of sunlight daily. In hot climates, afternoon shade can prevent leaf burn.

Ongoing Care and Maintenance

Fertilization: Chicory isn’t a heavy feeder, but a monthly application of balanced organic fertilizer will support healthy growth. Avoid excessive nitrogen, which can lead to loose, floppy leaves.

Pest Management: While generally resistant to pests, watch for slugs and snails, particularly around young plants. Rabbits and deer may also browse on chicory leaves. Installing barriers or using organic deterrents can help protect your crop.

Disease Prevention: Good air circulation helps prevent fungal diseases. Avoid overhead watering, especially in the evening, and remove any yellowed or diseased leaves promptly.